Distributed Energy Resources - Brief Use Cases

The Purpose of Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 2 to maintain data integrity from competetors Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-1.1 Distributed Resources (DR) owner plans (technically) for DR devices

The Purpose of Distributed Resources (DR) owner plans (technically) for DR devices function
is to determine whether a proposed DR installation will likely provide the required electrical power economically at the appropriate time without detriment to the grid and to estimate the value of the proposed installation to the grid
directly involving

DR owner

DR Aggregator

DisCo

Permitting Authorities (government agencies)

performing

Load forcast and energy requirements

Pricing projections

Site analysis

Environmental impact studies

Review of interconnection requirements and economics

with key interfaces between

- DR owner and Permitting Authority

- DR owner and DisCo

- DR owner and DR Aggregator

- DR Aggregator and RTO/ISO

with communication configuration requirements of

e-mail, phone, fax, document transfer to communicate with parties

Internet access to download DisCo interconnection specs, government regulations, etc

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability and response; not a real-time

Data must be timely and accurate to minimize approval delays

with security requirements of

High confidentiality of DR owner plans for competitive reasons and to prevent use of the plans for acts aimed at disrupting the owners operation

with data management requirements of

Tracking numerous legal and contractural documents; a few databases with variant forms of data updated infrequently

with constraints of

highly iterative nature of procedure to identify appropriate sites, or to negotiate the value of a particular site, that can meet the technical interconnection requirments and satisfy economic

Numerous procedural delays are common extending

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.2 DisCo studies the impact of high levels of DR on distribution system

The Purpose of DisCo studies the impact of high levels of DR on distribution system function
is to determine general limits for DR connections to the distributions systems and to establish standards for system design to better accommodate DR in the future
directly involving

Distribution planners

Consultants

DR vendors

Research organizations (DOE

EPRI

National laboratories)

performing

Detailed performance studies on both specific systems and generalized systems for transient and and steady-state performance with a variety of DR located throughout the system

with key interfaces between

- DisCo Planners and DisCo Protection personnel

- DisCo Planners and Consultants

- Consultants and Research funding agencies

- DisCo Planners and Research funding agencies

- DisCo Planners and DR vendors

with communication configuration requirements of

e-mail, phone, fax, document transfer to communicate with parties

Connection to internal planning and system model databases

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability and response; not a real-time

Data must be timely and accurate to facilitate studies

with security requirements of

Low to high

Many reports of results will be public or made available to prospective DR sites, but system data may be considered confidential

with data management requirements of

converting system model data from some stored form to a form appropriate for transfer third parties (

consultants) to perform studies (likely several variant forms of model data and documents) with studies updated every few years

with constraints of

Obtaining accurate system data and descriptions of characteristics of DR devices suitable for studies

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.3 DisCo acquires DR base information (to provide ratings and device models)

The Purpose of DisCo acquires DR base information (to provide ratings and device models) function
is to

Perform studies

To determine how to dispatch the DR

directly involving

DisCo planners

Disco DMS

DR vendor

DR owner

DR aggregator

performing

Detailed system performance studies to determine best locations on system

Or the value of a specific location

For DR of particular type and size

with key interfaces between

- DisCo Planners and DR Owners

- DR owners and DR vendors

- DisCo Planners and DisCo DMS

- DR aggregators and DR owners

with communication configuration requirements of

e-mail, phone, fax, document transfer to communicate with parties involved, transfer drawings and numerical (text)

Key data transferred to DisCo DMS for dispatching and monitoring

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability and response; not a real-time

Data must be timely and accurate to facilitate interconnection studies and dispatch or monitoring of DR by DisCo DMS

with security requirements of

High confidentiality of DR vendor and DR owner for competitive

Certain key data such as base rating may be published according to state and local policies

with data management requirements of

A few databases updated infrequently requiring conversion of DR device data from printed form to digital form accurately and keeping current on devices whose characteristics change with time with ambient conditions or human intervention

with constraints of

obtaining sufficiently accurate system data and descriptions of characteristics of DR devices suitable for studies and dispatch and control of

Also, capturing present characteristics of devices that can be reprogrammed remotely by changing firmware

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.4 DisCo analyzes DR interconnection to the power system

The Purpose of DisCo analyzes DR interconnection to the power system function
is to

Determine what changes

If any

Must be made to the operation of the distribution system to accommodate the DR and to determine the protective equipment necessary and the settings for such equipment

directly involving

DisCo Planner

DisCo protection engineers

DisCo rates personnel

DisCo Account representatives

Consultants

DR Owner

DR Vendor

performing

Analysis and simulation to verify protection performance and safety issues of proposed DR installation, as well, as the value of the proposed site relative to DisCo planning issues

with key interfaces between

- DR owner and DisCo account reps

- DisCo planners and protection engineers and consultants

- DisCo planners and DisCo rates personnel

- DisCo protection engineers and DisCo account reps

with communication configuration requirements of

E-mail

Phone

Fax

Document transfer to communicate with parties involved

Transfer drawings

Numerical (text) data

And documents related to negotiations on rates and other aspects of interconnection agreements

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability and response; not a real-time

Data must be timely and accurate to facilitate interconnection studies and negotiation of interconnection agreement

with security requirements of

High confidentiality of DR owner for competitive reasons during performance of interconnection

After successful negotiations, certain key data will become public

with data management requirements of

A few databases

Updated infrequently containing several documents and non-integrated system models derived from conversion of DR interconnection and proposed operations data from drawings and other printed form to digital form for engineering models and

with constraints of

Obtaining sufficiently accurate system data and descriptions of characteristics of DR devices suitable for technical studies and economic impact studies on the proposed DR interconnection and monitoring of compliance with the interconnection agreements

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.5 Energy services provider installs and tests DR and DR interconnection

The Purpose of Energy services provider installs and tests DR and DR interconnection function
is to implement the DR installation and verify that it is functioning according to specifications
directly involving

Disco account representative

DisCo service crew

DR owner

Electrical contractor

Electrical inspectors

performing

installation and testing of the DR equipment and final electrical

The DisCo makes final connection to distribution system

with key interfaces between

- Disco and DR owner

- DR installer and DR owner for coordiation and scheduling of resources

with communication configuration requirements of

Elements sufficient to test communications equipment installed with the DR

with quality of service requirements of

High reliability

Medium speed data communications between DR equipment and DisCo

with security requirements of

High confidentiality of DR owner and energy services provider for competitive reasons

with data management requirements of

A few databases with infrequent updating

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.6 RTO/ISO/DisCo certifies DR units

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo certifies DR units function
is to provide oversight of DR installations to maintain a high level of reliability and to ensure the compliance of DR owners with interconnection agreements
directly involving

Disco account representative

DisCo protection engineers

DisCo line maintenance personnel

DisCo DMS

DR owner

DR installer

performing

Oversight and inspection of installation and testing, communication testing for DisCo DMS (or SCADA). Also production of formal certification for DR

with key interfaces between

- DR owner and DisCo account reps

- DR Installer and DisCo Acct Rep

- DR Installer and DisCo DMS

- DisCo Line maintenance personnel and DR owner

with communication configuration requirements of

e-mail, phone, fax, document transfer for off line

Communications agreed upon for interconnection agreement between DisCo DMS and DR equipment

with quality of service requirements of

Hi reliability

High speed data communications between DR equipment and DisCo DMS

with security requirements of

Low for certification since this public

Connection to DisCo DMS would have security specified in interconnection agreement

with data management requirements of

A few databases with infrequent updating

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.7 RTO/ISO/DisCo coordinate long term transmission and generation maintenance

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo coordinate long term transmission and generation maintenance function
is to maintain adequate generation capacity during equipment outages
directly involving

RTO/ISO Dispatching

DisCo Operations

DR owner

DR Aggregator

performing

Coordination between each entity for scheduling maintenance and outage of facilities

with key interfaces between

- DisCo Operations and DR owner

- DR Aggregator and DR owner

- RTO/ISO Dispatch and DR Aggregator

- RTO/ISO Dispatch and DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

e-mail, phone, fax, document transfer to communication maintenance plans and schedules to selected DR

DisCo and/or DR aggregator have secure resource planning data link

with quality of service requirements of

Medium for email and telecom

But High reliabilty and High security for scheduling interface

with security requirements of

Medium High since this information might be used to disable the power

This information should be provided only to larger, dispatchable DR facilities capable of controlling access to the information

with data management requirements of

A few databases with daily/weekly/monthly updating and coordinated among the various parties

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.8 RTO/ISO/DisCo register and perform credit rating of DR owners

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo register and perform credit rating of DR owners function
is to ensure that the DR owner has the access to cash to meet fiduciary responsibilities
directly involving

Market participants

performing

Credit scoring

with key interfaces between

Market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Interconnection with credit agencies and DisCo customer databases through secure public channels in most cases

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability

Medium response

Because process is not real time

with security requirements of

High confidentiality

with data management requirements of

Large database

Infrequent updating

with constraints of

Similar to market operations

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-1.9 RTO/ISODisCo register DR meters

The Purpose of RTO/ISODisCo register DR meters function
is to

Have metering used by DR certified and registered with the DisCo

RTO and ISO

directly involving

DisCo IT department

Disco account representative

DR owners

DR aggregators

with key interfaces between

DisCo IT department and DR owners

Disco account rep and DR owners

RTO/ISO/DisCo and DR aggregators

with communication configuration requirements of

custom AMR system or secure internet connection to

(Meters will be read manually if not

)

with quality of service requirements of

typically monthly

Future requirements related to DR may require more rapid reconciliation of accounts for better managing of energy

Real-time meter reading will be used to verify output of DR for conformance and estimating additional ne

with security requirements of

High

Only DisCo and possbily aggregator should have access to the

Details of interconnection agreement should be restricted to DisCo management and appropriate DR owner personnel unless required to be public by regulatory agency

with data management requirements of

Large datatbase

Infrequent updating

With confidentiallity of metering agreements and data

with constraints of

Similar to market operations

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-1) Interconnection planning (months to years ahead for new construction) above.

L-2 Real-time interconnected DR management (micro EMS concept)

The Purpose of Real-time interconnected DR management (micro EMS concept) function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.7	2.7	3.0	2.0	2.7	2.6

COMMENTS:

L-2.1 DR operates in local power system only, with load following

The Purpose of DR operates in local power system only, with load following function
is to

Follow normal daily load changes

Analyze load requirements

Forecast load requirements

Provide means for supplying replacement power following loss of generation

Optimize system operation

directly involving

Dr Operator/Owner

DisCo Operator/Owner

RTO

performing

System operation to maximize asset utilization

Routine maintenance activities

Control functions for meeting load demand

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

DR owner/operator and RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

LAN for internal DR system operation

WAN for DR to DisCo and DR to RTO communication

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High to allow for continuous operation of local system

with data management requirements of

Mainly associated with the operation of the local system and related data recording and transferring functions

with constraints of

Accurate coordination with DisCo to avoid synchronization problems if local system is to be connected to grid

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 3 because DR penetration will change distribution system paradiagm and data is retrieved from many diverse sites probably with diverse media and

Performance = 3 because real-time (on the order of 15-20 mseconds) SCADA operations require high availability, rapid and timely responses, with high frequency and high volumes of

Security = 3 because SCADA involves control of power system

Also to maintain confidentiality from

Data Management = 2 because of large volumes of frequent data across orginazational

Constraints = 3 because media-constrained communications and compute-constrained field devices

L-2.2 DR operator’s SCADA monitors and controls aggregated DR devices

The Purpose of DR operator’s SCADA monitors and controls aggregated DR devices function
is to

Supervise DR generation

Control DR generation

Perform data transfers

Monitor power flows

directly involving

DR owner/operator

DisCo

RTO/ISO

performing

Overall DR system supervision

Data acquisition

Data logging

Control functions

Alarm processing

with key interfaces between

DR system operator and DisCo

DR system operator and RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for DR owner / operator to DiscCo

And to RTO ; LAN for internal DR

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High

To assure reliable DR/grid interconnection

with data management requirements of

Associated with the monitoring of the DR/grid interconnection power flows and DR generation control

with constraints of

Equipment compatibility

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

L-2.2.1 Continuous monitoring (mini SCADA)

The Purpose of Continuous monitoring (mini SCADA) function
is similar to function (L-2.2) DR operator’s SCADA monitors and controls aggregated DR devices above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-2.2.2 Periodic monitoring (download information periodically)

The Purpose of Periodic monitoring (download information periodically) function
is similar to function (L-2.2) DR operator’s SCADA monitors and controls aggregated DR devices above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-2.3 Local power system with DR interconnects with utility power system

The Purpose of Local power system with DR interconnects with utility power system function
is to

Provide/receive reactive power support

Provide reactive power coordination

Provide synchronizing control

Implement voltage regulation

Implement anti islanding protection

Monitor power flow

Coordinate protective functions

directly involving

DR Owner/ Operator

DisCo

RTO

performing

DR/Grid Interface control and monitoring

with key interfaces between

DR system operator / DisCo / RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

LAN within DR

WAN for communication bewteen DR and DisCO and DR and RTO

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High to assure reliable DR/grid interconnection

with data management requirements of

Moderate – mainly associated with the monitoring of the DR/grid interconnection

with constraints of

Synchronization issues if DR/grid interconnection opens to grid

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

L-2.4 DisCo’s SCADA system monitors DR devices

The Purpose of DisCo’s SCADA system monitors DR devices function
is to

Monitor DR device status

Alarm processing

Data logging

Power flow forecasting

Monitor DR/grid interactions

Supervise generation

Perform data validation

Perform data acquisition

Handle communication failures

directly involving

DisCo

DR Operator

TransCo

RTO

performing

Monitor and control functions to maximize asset utilization

with key interfaces between

DR and DisCo SCADA

DisCo SCADA and RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

Disco’s SCADA system to RTO and DR owner/operator over WAN

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

High data accuracy

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High to assure maintain overall system integrity

with data management requirements of

Data exchange between organizations

with constraints of

No specific constraints

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

L-2.5 DR protection devices react to system conditions

The Purpose of DR protection devices react to system conditions function
is to

Provide fault detection and protection coordination

Provide system reliability

Prevent islanding condition

directly involving

DR devices

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

performing

System protection by implementing protective functions

with key interfaces between

DR operator and individual DR devices

DR operator and DisCo

Event recorders and DR archival center

with communication configuration requirements of

Interface between protection equipment and DR control center and data archival facilities

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

High accuracy

with security requirements of

High

To assure reliable overall system operation

with data management requirements of

Infrequent data transfers

Accurate data processing

with constraints of

Failure to operate properly may lead to equipment damage

With subsequent loss of revenue and system availability

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

L-2.5.1 Direct Transfer Tripping

The Purpose of Direct Transfer Tripping function
is similar to function (L-2.5) DR protection devices react to system conditions above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-2.5.2 Disconnects local EPS from utility EPS without turning off DR – intentional islanding

The Purpose of Disconnects local EPS from utility EPS without turning off DR – intentional islanding function
is similar to function (L-2.5) DR protection devices react to system conditions above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-2.6 DisCo manages microgrid with DR

The Purpose of DisCo manages microgrid with DR function
is to

Optimize asset utilization

Monitor DR/grid interaction

Manage DR power import/export

Provide voltage regulation

Manage DR dispatch

Allow for seamless DR/grid resynchronization

Implement black start

Monitor power quality

Power and ancillary services

Manage restoration protocol

Provide supervisory control on power interchange

Schedule transmission

Monitor reserves

Forecast and schedule resources

Schedule generation dispatch

Reconfigure system

directly involving

DisCo

GenCo

TransCo

RTO

ISO

performing

Overall system management including resource allocation and power system analysis

with key interfaces between

DisCo SCADA system/control center and other SCADA systems (GenCo

TransCo

RTO

ISO)

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN - Requires interconnection between microgrid control center and other control centers

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

High volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High to assure reliable overall system operation

with data management requirements of

Frequent data transfers

Frequent data logging

with constraints of

DR/grid synchronization issues and effective handling of fault-on and post-fault system

Communication and coordinated control of microgrid components

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

L-2.7 All systems log significant events and store statistically important data

The Purpose of All systems log significant events and store statistically important data function
is to

Provide GPS time-stamped records of events

Provide record of system variables

Provide record of system settings

Provide record of system topology

Allow for data access to different organizations

Message processing and management

Data maintenance

directly involving

DR owner/operator

DisCo

RTO

performing

Archival functions and data maintenance

with key interfaces between

DR archival center/data base and DR owner/operator

DR archival center/data base and DisCo

DR archival center / data base and RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

Requires communication between archival center and other control centers over

DR local data acquisition/processing over LAN

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Fast accessibility

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High

To assure access to critical data

with data management requirements of

May require multiple data bases

May require the storage of large amounts of data

with constraints of

Data storage software obsolescence and resultant loss of data accessibility

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized and crosses organizational boundaries

L-3 Advanced Distribution Automation (ADA) with DR installed on distribution system

The Purpose of Advanced Distribution Automation (ADA) with DR installed on distribution system function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.7	2.7	3.0	1.9	2.7	2.6

COMMENTS:

L-3.1 ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations

The Purpose of ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations function
is to Maintain the complete power system model to assure that the automation system uses the appropriate system parameters during operation
directly involving

DR Operator/Owner

DisCo Operator/Owner

RTO/ISO

performing

Topology maintenance

Load model maintenance

GIS maintenance

Distribution sub model maintenance

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

DisCo and RTO/ISO

DR owner/operator and RTO/ISO

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to RTO/ISO and LAN for internal DisCo

DR owner/operator will communicate via WAN with all interfaces

with quality of service requirements of

Power system model update requires medium

Real-time operational conditions require high availability, high volume, and frequent updates

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Model maintenance will require update of many legacy and non-legacy data

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-2.1) DR operates in local power system only, with load following above.

The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 3 because this is a new

Performance = 3 because real-time (on the order of 15-20 mseconds) SCADA operations require high availability, rapid and timely responses, with high frequency and high volumes of

Security = 3 because SCADA involves control of power system

Also to maintain confidentiality from

Data Management = 2 because of large volumes of frequent

Constraints = 3 because media-constrained communications and compute-constrained field devices

L-3.1.1 Update topology model

The Purpose of Update topology model function
is similar to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-3.1.2 Update facilities model

The Purpose of Update facilities model function
is similar to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-3.1.3 Update load model

The Purpose of Update load model function
is similar to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-3.1.4 Update vicinity model

The Purpose of Update vicinity model function
is similar to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-3.1.5 Analyze real-time operation conditions using distribution power flow

The Purpose of Analyze real-time operation conditions using distribution power flow function
is similar to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:

L-3.2 ADA system performs fault location, fault isolation, and power restoration

The Purpose of ADA system performs fault location, fault isolation, and power restoration function
is to Identify distribution system fault conditions and automatically restore power
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data, identify location of system fault and automatically take action to restore

DA may instruct DR device to disconnect or operate in isolation depending on system conditions

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo to coordinate power restoration

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and retrieval and data transfer

System must act very quickly against real-time data

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.3 Operators restore power manually

The Purpose of Operators restore power manually function
is to Identify distribution system fault conditions and manually restore power
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data, identify location of system fault and take action to restore

Operator may instruct DR device to disconnect or operate in isolation depending on system conditions

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo to coordinate power restoration

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Fast

Manual retrieval of system data to make appropriate decisions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	2.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	2.2

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.4 ADA system restores power using automation

The Purpose of ADA system restores power using automation function
is to Identify distribution system fault conditions and automatically restore power
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data, take action to restore

DA may instruct DR device to disconnect or operate in isolation depending on system conditions

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo to coordinate power restoration

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and retrieval and data transfer

System must act very quickly against real-time data

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.5 ADA system reconfigures feeders to meet differing requirements

The Purpose of ADA system reconfigures feeders to meet differing requirements function
is to Identify system conditions and reconfigure distribution system optimally for the given the system conditions
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data

Identify alternative feeder configurations to optimally serve current and forecasted load

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo to coordinate system configuration

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Fast retrieval of system data to make appropriate decisions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.6 ADA system controls volt/var to meet criteria optimally

The Purpose of ADA system controls volt/var to meet criteria optimally function
is to Identify system conditions and reconfigure distribution system optimally for the given the system conditions
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data

Identify alternative feeder configurations to optimally serve current and forecasted load

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo to coordinate system configuration

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Fast retrieval of system data to make appropriate decisions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.7 ADA system analyzes planned outage requests

The Purpose of ADA system analyzes planned outage requests function
is to Identify the planned outages on the distribution system and connected DR devices that are critical in serving loads
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Outage requests analysis initiated by the DisCo and DR owner/operators

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication between DisCo Operations

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability and medium

Data will be filtered by Disco into the DA system for analysis

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

DA outage data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Integration of legacy outage data into DA outage analysis software

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

L-3.8 ADA system creates and performs switching orders

The Purpose of ADA system creates and performs switching orders function
is to Analyze system conditions and identify optimal switching sequences
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data

Identify optimal switching orders

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Fast retrieval and analysis of system data to make appropriate decisions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-3.9 ADA system creates islands intentionally

The Purpose of ADA system creates islands intentionally function
is to Analyze system conditions and identify optimal switching sequences to island the DR device
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

Using power system model information and real-time system data

Identify optimal switching orders

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

Internal DisCo Operations

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/

LAN communication within DisCo

with quality of service requirements of

High availability and fast accessibility

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Fast retrieval and analysis of system data to make appropriate decisions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	3.0	2.8

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-3.1) ADA system updates power system model and analyze distribution operations above.

L-4 Post operations

The Purpose of Post operations function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.5	1.0	2.8	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:

L-4.1 Meter Data Management Agents (MDMAs) retrieve DR meter data

The Purpose of Meter Data Management Agents (MDMAs) retrieve DR meter data function
is to

Manage meter readings and usage profile

Provide the means for sharing meter data

Maintain equipment

directly involving

DR owner/operator

DisCo

ESP

Customers

performing

Data management functions

Data verification

with key interfaces between

ESP and DR operator

ESP and recording equipment

with communication configuration requirements of

Automatic reading from remote sensors

"on-demand" readings from remote sensors over WAN

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Fast accessibility

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High security to prevent unauthorized access to data

with data management requirements of

Data base for fast data storage and retrieval

with constraints of

Communication equipment compatibility

Equipment obsolescence

Reliability under severe wheather conditions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	2.0

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configation = 3 due to large number of dispersed loactions

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-4.2 Statistical data on operational conditions are collected and calculated

The Purpose of Statistical data on operational conditions are collected and calculated function
is to Infer statistically significant information such as end-user's load demand profile
directly involving

DR owner/operator

DisCo

ESP

Customers

performing

Statistical computations

Data analyses

Data collection

Data verification

with key interfaces between

ESP and DR operator

ESP and recording equipment

with communication configuration requirements of

Automatic reading from remote sensors

"on-demand" readings from remote sensors over WAN

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Fast accessibility

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High security to prevent unauthorized access to data

with data management requirements of

Data base for fast data storage and retrieval

with constraints of

Communication equipment compatibility

Equipment obsolescence

Reliability under severe wheather conditions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-4.1) Meter Data Management Agents (MDMAs) retrieve DR meter data above.

The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configation = 3 due to large number of dispersed loactions

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-4.3 Systems create reports

The Purpose of Systems create reports function
is to Compile and generate reports
directly involving

ESP and DR owner/operator

ESP and DisCo

ESP and Energy Service Provider

ESP and end user

performing

Data search and retrieval Data compilation

with key interfaces between

ESP and DR owner/operator

ESP and DisCo

ESP and end user

ESP and GenCo

with communication configuration requirements of

Internet

Phone

Dedicated communication channels

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Fast accessibility

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High security to prevent unauthorized access to data

with data management requirements of

Data base for fast data retrieval

with constraints of

Communication equipment compatibility

Equipment obsolescence

Reliability under severe wheather conditions

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-4.1) Meter Data Management Agents (MDMAs) retrieve DR meter data above.

L-4.4 Environmental system collect environmental and pollution statistics

The Purpose of Environmental system collect environmental and pollution statistics function
is to Collect data that might have an adverse impact on the enviroment
directly involving

DR operator

performing

Data collection

with key interfaces between

DR operator / RTO /DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

DR operator and data recording equipment

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Moderate access rate

with security requirements of

High security to prevent unauthorized access to data

with data management requirements of

Requires data base for storage and retrieval of data

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.4

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configation = 3 due to large number of dispersed loactions

Security = 2 to maintain data integrity from competetors

Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-5 DR equipment maintenance

The Purpose of DR equipment maintenance function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:

L-5.1 DR maintenance staff collect statistics on DR operations and all operating conditions

The Purpose of DR maintenance staff collect statistics on DR operations and all operating conditions function
is to

Plan the performance and down times of the DR's

Identify times during a period to get optimal value of operating cost

directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

RTO/ ISO

performing

Optimization of operating cost and efficiency

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

DisCo and RTO/ISO

DR owner/operator and RTO/ISO

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Model maintenance will require update of many legacy and non-legacy data

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-5.2 DR maintenance staff maintain DR equipment

The Purpose of DR maintenance staff maintain DR equipment function
is to 1. Reduce the number of un-scheduled outages
directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

performing

Routine Maintenance

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability

Medium volume

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

May require multiple data bases

May require the storage of large amounts of data

with constraints of

Data storage software obsolescence and resultant loss of data accessibility

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-5.1) DR maintenance staff collect statistics on DR operations and all operating conditions above.

L-5.3 DR maintenance staff test DR equipment

The Purpose of DR maintenance staff test DR equipment function
is to

Validate ratings, capacity

Interconnecting infrastructure to allow the DR's to participate in the market operations

directly involving

DR Owner/Operator

performing

Equipment testing

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availability

Medium volume

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

May require multiple data bases

May require the storage of large amounts of data

with constraints of

Data storage software obsolescence and resultant loss of data accessibility

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-5.1) DR maintenance staff collect statistics on DR operations and all operating conditions above.

L-5.4 RTO/ISO/DisCo SCADA system monitors DR

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo SCADA system monitors DR function
is to

Supervise DR generation

Control DR generation

Perform data transfers

Monitor power flow

directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

performing

Overall DR system supervision

Data acquisition

Data logging

Control functions

Alarm processing

with key interfaces between

DR system operator and DisCo

DR system operator and RTO

with communication configuration requirements of

Disco’s SCADA system to GenCos

RTO over WAN

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High

To assure reliable DR/grid interconnection

with data management requirements of

Moderate – mainly associated with the monitoring of the DR/grid interconnection power flows and DR generation control

with constraints of

Synchronization issues if DR/grid interconnection opens to grid

Power flow reversal

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-5.1) DR maintenance staff collect statistics on DR operations and all operating conditions above.

L-6 Market operations

The Purpose of Market operations function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:

L-6.1 DR owners analyze operational conditions: e.g. load forecasts, weather conditions, energy prices, DR maintenance requirements, DR capabilities and capacity, etc

The Purpose of DR owners analyze operational conditions: e.g. load forecasts, weather conditions, energy prices, DR maintenance requirements, DR capabilities and capacity, etc function
is to

To evaluate energy capture (wind systems) and availability

Maximize productivity and anticipate revenue potential from the resource

directly involving

Owners

Operators

SCADA

Digital control systems

Analog sensors

Actuators and other automatic and/or remote systems

performing

Monitoring of system performance and measurement and collection of real-time data

with key interfaces between

Operators and SCADA and/or energy management systems

with communication configuration requirements of

"one-to-many"

SCADA sytems

Field devices

with quality of service requirements of

Protected electronics

Well-maintained mechanical control systems

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput

with security requirements of

Information integrity

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

Back-up power to control systems

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-6.2 DR owners enter into bilateral energy contracts with other Market Participants

The Purpose of DR owners enter into bilateral energy contracts with other Market Participants function
is to

Establish bilateral contracts ("long-term" or hourly) between generation and loads to negotiate the price of energy

To agree on congestion rents between points-of-deelivery and points-of-receipt and to schedule transmission services

directly involving

Market participants (generators

Ancillary service providers

Demand-side resources

Power exchanges

Energy traders

Load serving entities

Energy service companies

Municipalities

Cooperatives

Industrials

Commercials

Marketers

Transmission rights traders

Transmission owners

Public interest groups

Distribution companies

Regulators

Auditors)

performing

Financial contracts for energy between market participants

with key interfaces between

Market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Internet

Telephone

Satellite

Radio

Fax

E-mail

And other interfaces

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput for negotiating energy contracts

with security requirements of

high security (encryption, virus protection, physical device protection

)

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-6.1) DR owners analyze operational conditions: e.g. load forecasts, weather conditions, energy prices, DR maintenance requirements, DR capabilities and capacity, etc above.

L-6.3 DR owners submit Day-Ahead energy schedules to RTO/ISO/DisCo

The Purpose of DR owners submit Day-Ahead energy schedules to RTO/ISO/DisCo function
is to

provide settlement data [

run time

down time, daily availability, start-up notification time, start-up cost curves

generation value ($/hr), incremental operating costs ($), operating limits, unit status (fixed, on-dispatch, on-control)] for determining LBMP for transmission pricing for the next day (24 hrs) so that market participants may lock in their day-ahead buy-sell prices and avoid real-time volatility

directly involving

Market participants (generators

Ancillary service providers

Demand-side resources

Power exchanges

Energy traders

Load serving entities

Energy service companies

Municipalities

Cooperatives

Industrials

Commercials

Marketers

Transmission rights traders

Transmission owners

Public interest groups

Distribution companies

Regulators

Auditors)

performing

Accessing market information system(s) and supplying data

with key interfaces between

System operator and market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Web-based market information system(s)

"Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS"

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput

with security requirements of

high security (encryption, virus protection, physical device protection

)

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

L-6.4 DR owners submit Day-Ahead bids for ancillary services: reserve, regulation, frequency response, etc

The Purpose of DR owners submit Day-Ahead bids for ancillary services: reserve, regulation, frequency response, etc function
is to

Provide voltage support

System regulation (balance)

Reliable operation and to lock in day-ahead buy-sell prices and avoid real-time volatility

directly involving

Generation owners

Transmission owners and system operator (and control centers)

performing

Accessing market information system(s) and supplying data

with key interfaces between

System operator and market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Web-based market information system(s)

"Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS"

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput

with security requirements of

high security (encryption, virus protection, physical device protection

)

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

L-6.5 DR owners submit adjustments to real-time energy schedules

The Purpose of DR owners submit adjustments to real-time energy schedules function
is to account for "current-day" changes and enable real-time security constrained dispatch based on bid energy costs and improved tracking of system security
directly involving

Generation owners

Transmission owners and system operator (and control centers)

performing

Accessing market information system(s) and supplying data

with key interfaces between

System operator and market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Web-based market information system(s)

"Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS"

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput

with security requirements of

high security (encryption, virus protection, physical device protection

)

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

L-6.6 DR owners submit real-time bids for ancillary services

The Purpose of DR owners submit real-time bids for ancillary services function
is to

Provide voltage support

System regulation (balance)

Reliable operation

directly involving

Generation owners

Transmission owners and system operator (and control centers)

performing

Accessing market information system(s) and supplying data

with key interfaces between

System operator and market participants

with communication configuration requirements of

Web-based market information system(s)

"Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS"

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Rapid response

High data accuracy and throughput

with security requirements of

high security (encryption, virus protection, physical device protection

)

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

L-7 Wind-related issues/functions/applications

The Purpose of Wind-related issues/functions/applications function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:

L-7.1 Day Ahead Wind Prediction from Metorlogical Sources

The Purpose of Day Ahead Wind Prediction from Metorlogical Sources function
is to Plan wind turbine-genertor output for the Day Ahead Market
directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

Metorlogical Sevices

performing

System planning/operation to maximize asset utilization

with key interfaces between

DR system operator and DisCo

DR system operator and RTO

DR system operator and Metorlogical Services

with communication configuration requirements of

Disco’s SCADA system to GenCos

RTO over WAN

Metorlogical Services over WWW or satelite communications

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High

To assure confidential DR/grid interconnection

Low to Metorlogical service

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors Data Mgmt = 2 because data is from multiple sources and needs to be synchronized

L-7.2 Real Time Wind Prediction from Metorlogical Sources

The Purpose of Real Time Wind Prediction from Metorlogical Sources function
is to Plan wind turbine-genertor output for the Hourly Market
directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

Metorlogical Sevices

performing

System planning/operation to maximize asset utilization

with key interfaces between

DR system operator and DisCo

DR system operator and RTO

DR system operator and Metorlogical Services

with communication configuration requirements of

Disco’s SCADA system to GenCos

RTO over WAN

Metorlogical Services over WWW or satelite communications

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High

To assure confidential DR/grid interconnection

Low to Metorlogical service

with data management requirements of

Database systems requiring timely access and frequent updates across organizational boundaries

with constraints of

Information security

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-7.1) Day Ahead Wind Prediction from Metorlogical Sources above.

L-8 Dispersed Storage (functions unique to this form of DR)

The Purpose of Dispersed Storage (functions unique to this form of DR) function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.3	2.1	2.9	1.7	2.0	2.2

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Existing processes

L-8.1 DR owners store energy from the power system

The Purpose of DR owners store energy from the power system function
is to store energy when it is at its lowest cost and when it has least possibility to be detrimental to the power system
directly involving

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

performing

Capture (purchase) of sufficient energy to meet projected demand at an appropriate time and economical cost

with key interfaces between

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

High availability

Medium speed in most cases although some may require high speed

with quality of service requirements of

High reliability

Medium speed

with security requirements of

Medium

with data management requirements of

Conventional demand interval metering databases with real-time monitoring of available energy and projected schedules

with constraints of

ability to draw power without impacting system

Automatic monitoring of electricity prices in unattended installations (likely the norm)

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	0.0	1.2

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

L-8.2 DR owners discharge stored energy into the system

The Purpose of DR owners discharge stored energy into the system function
is to sell energy at a favorable price when capacity is needed and to provide T&D grid support
directly involving

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

performing

Managing real-time bids for energy and ancillary services while meeting agreements regarding delivery of power to meet dispatched demand and grid support requirements during emergency conditions

with key interfaces between

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

High availability

Medium speed in most cases although some may require high speed if required to respond to sudden loss of capacity (some technologies can respond within seconds)

with quality of service requirements of

High reliability

Medium speed

with security requirements of

Medium

with data management requirements of

Conventional demand interval metering databases with real-time monitoring of available energy remaining

with constraints of

Limited storage resource

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	0.0	1.2

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-8.1) DR owners store energy from the power system above.

L-8.3 RTO/ISO/DisCo dispatches storage to meet power demand

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo dispatches storage to meet power demand function
is to reclaim stored energy to meet local or regional power demand with competitively-priced energy and to support the distribution or transmission system
directly involving

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

performing

Determination of the need for additional power to meet demand and monitoring ability of storage to make up projected deficits

with key interfaces between

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

High availability

Medium speed to DisCo control center

with quality of service requirements of

High reliability

Medium speed

with security requirements of

Medium

with data management requirements of

Conventional demand interval metering databases with real-time monitoring of available energy and energy remaining

with constraints of

Limited storage resource

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	0.0	1.2

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-8.1) DR owners store energy from the power system above.

L-8.4 RTO/ISO/DisCo dispatches storage to support intentional islanding

The Purpose of RTO/ISO/DisCo dispatches storage to support intentional islanding function
is to utilize stored energy in combination with other DR to supply power to a group of end users separated from bulk power supply (either intentionally as in the case of microgrids or unintentionally due to equipment outage)
directly involving

DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

DisCo operations

performing

Control of restoration of the system to exploit the capability of storage to temporarily supply an isolated part of the system

with key interfaces between

- DR owners or aggregators and RTO/ISO/DisCo

- DR owners and DisCo operations

with communication configuration requirements of

High availability

Medium speed to DisCo control center with connections to other DR for real-time control functions

with quality of service requirements of

High reliability

Medium speed

with security requirements of

Medium

with data management requirements of

Conventional demand interval metering databases with real-time monitoring of available energy and energy remaining

with constraints of

Limited storage resource and ability to support an island, which may require, that some other form of DR also be operating

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	1.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 2 because fairly new operational concept with limited capabilities must coordinate with other DR during islanding

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

L-8.5 DR owners provide fast voltage sag correction

The Purpose of DR owners provide fast voltage sag correction function
is to utilize the stored energy to support the system voltage during short to medium duration disturbances to enable critical customers to continue operations
directly involving

DR owners

DisCo

Customers

performing

Ancillary support and energy supply functions

with key interfaces between

DR owner and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

Telecom or internet connection to transfer power quality monitor data post-event

with quality of service requirements of

Medium availablity and speed (not critical to operation

But desirable in a prompt fashion)

with security requirements of

Medium, although many DisCos will want to treat their power quality data as highly

Performance base rate information may eventually become public

with data management requirements of

a power quality database capable of storing various types of data and more conventional energy metering

Updating is infrequent, but can be voluminous after an event, depending on contractural arrangement of performance-based rates

with constraints of

Many different types of power quality monitors with diverse data representations and transfer capabilities

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
1.0	1.0	3.0	1.0	0.0	1.2

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-8.1) DR owners store energy from the power system above.

L-9 Non-grid connected generation (monitoring for safety)

The Purpose of Non-grid connected generation (monitoring for safety) function
is described below...

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 2 because data is retrieved from many diverse sites probably with diverse media and

Database Mgmt & Constraints = 2 because systems will be widely dispersed and possible numerous

L-9.1 DR owners collect DR operational information

The Purpose of DR owners collect DR operational information function
is to

Follow normal daily load changes

Analyze load requirements

Forecast load requirements

Provide means for supplying replacement power following loss of generation

Optimize system operation

directly involving

DR Operator/Owner

DisCo Operator/Owner

performing

System operation to maximize asset utilization

Routine maintenance activities

Control functions for meeting load demand

Monitoring operation of DR device

with key interfaces between

DR Owner/Operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN communications with DisCo

LAN communication internal to DR owner/operator

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

High to allow for continuous operation of local system

with data management requirements of

Moderate – mainly associated with the operation of the local system and associated data recording and transferring functions

with constraints of

Synchronization issues if local system is to be connected to grid

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	1.6

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-9) Non-grid connected generation (monitoring for safety) above.

L-10 DSM (Demand Side Management)

The Purpose of DSM (Demand Side Management) function
is to

Optimize asset utilization by pricing Industrial loads higher than normal during peak hours inorder to compensate for more expensive generation utilised at those times

Regulating consumer and industrial loads in greater constrined regions to be able to transfer power more efficiently

directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

Special Customers

performing

Optimization of operating cost and efficiency

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Model maintenance will require update of many legacy and non-legacy data

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	2.0

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 2 because data is retrieved from many diverse sites probably with diverse media and

Security = 3 to maintain data integrity from competetors

Database Mgmt & Constraints = 2 because systems will be widely dispersed and possible numerous

L-10.1 DR owner initiated

The Purpose of DR owner initiated function
is to

Optimize asset utilization by pricing Industrial loads higher than normal during peak hours inorder to compensate for more expensive generation utilised at those times

Regulating consumer and industrial loads in greater constrined regions to be able to transfer power more efficiently

directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

Special Customers

performing

Optimization of operating cost and

DR owner may choose to purchase versus produce power based upon cost analysis

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Model maintenance will require update of many legacy and non-legacy data

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	2.0

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-10) DSM (Demand Side Management) above.

L-10.2 Utility initiated

The Purpose of Utility initiated function
is to

Optimize asset utilization by pricing Industrial loads higher than normal during peak hours inorder to compensate for more expensive generation utilised at those times

Regulating consumer and industrial loads in greater constrined regions to be able to transfer power more efficiently

directly involving

DR operator

DisCo

RTO

Special Customers

performing

Optimization of operating cost and

Utility initiates DSM based upon real time conditions to support load and/or ancillary services

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and DisCo

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from DisCo to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

High availability

Medium volume

Frequent updates

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Model maintenance will require update of many legacy and non-legacy data

Real-time DA data will generally be stored in commercial data sources

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
2.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	2.0

COMMENTS:
This function has similar interfaces (and ratings) to function (L-10) DSM (Demand Side Management) above.

L-11 Residential generation devices

The Purpose of Residential generation devices function
is to Provide electrical power to residence while remaining in parallel with ESP
directly involving

Residential DR owner/operator

ESP

performing

System operation to maximize asset utilization

Routine maintenance activities

Control functions for meeting load demand

Monitoring operation of DR device

with key interfaces between

DR owner/operator and ESP

with communication configuration requirements of

WAN for communication from ESP to DR/Owner

with quality of service requirements of

High availability, medium volume, frequent

On/off control by ESP

with security requirements of

DA critical data requires very high

Breach of DA system can result in severe disruption

with data management requirements of

Moderate – mainly associated with the operation of the local system and associated data recording and transferring functions

with constraints of

Real-time data storage and

Connection to legacy systems data and data structure incompatibility issues

On a scale of 0 (does not involve significant architectural challenges) to 3 (highly likely to involve architectural challenges) this function was rated as follows:

Configuration	Quality of Service	Security	Data Management	Constraints	Average
3.0	1.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	2.2

COMMENTS:
The following comments were collected during the team rating review:

Configuration = 3 because new process data is retrieved from many diverse sites probably with diverse media and

Security = 3 to ensure correct operation (incorrect operation could leave residence without power)

Database Mgmt & Constraints = 2 because systems will be widely dispersed and possible numerous